跳到主要内容
RecursiveUrlLoader 允许您递归地抓取根 URL 的所有子链接并将它们解析为文档。

概览

集成详情

类别本地可序列化JS 支持
RecursiveUrlLoaderlangchain-community

加载器功能

来源文档延迟加载原生异步支持
RecursiveUrlLoader

设置

凭据

使用 RecursiveUrlLoader 无需凭据。

安装

RecursiveUrlLoader 位于 langchain-community 包中。没有其他必需的包,但如果您也安装了“beautifulsoup4”,您将获得更丰富的默认文档元数据。
pip install -qU langchain-community beautifulsoup4 lxml

实例化

现在我们可以实例化文档加载器对象并加载文档
from langchain_community.document_loaders import RecursiveUrlLoader

loader = RecursiveUrlLoader(
    "https://docs.pythonlang.cn/3.9/",
    # max_depth=2,
    # use_async=False,
    # extractor=None,
    # metadata_extractor=None,
    # exclude_dirs=(),
    # timeout=10,
    # check_response_status=True,
    # continue_on_failure=True,
    # prevent_outside=True,
    # base_url=None,
    # ...
)

加载

使用 .load() 将所有文档同步加载到内存中,每个访问的 URL 一个文档。从初始 URL 开始,我们递归遍历所有链接的 URL,直到达到指定的 max_depth。 让我们运行一个基本示例,演示如何在 Python 3.9 文档 上使用 RecursiveUrlLoader
docs = loader.load()
docs[0].metadata
/Users/bagatur/.pyenv/versions/3.9.1/lib/python3.9/html/parser.py:170: XMLParsedAsHTMLWarning: It looks like you're parsing an XML document using an HTML parser. If this really is an HTML document (maybe it's XHTML?), you can ignore or filter this warning. If it's XML, you should know that using an XML parser will be more reliable. To parse this document as XML, make sure you have the lxml package installed, and pass the keyword argument `features="xml"` into the BeautifulSoup constructor.
  k = self.parse_starttag(i)
{'source': 'https://docs.pythonlang.cn/3.9/',
 'content_type': 'text/html',
 'title': '3.9.19 Documentation',
 'language': None}
太好了!第一个文档看起来是我们开始的根页面。让我们看看下一个文档的元数据
docs[1].metadata
{'source': 'https://docs.pythonlang.cn/3.9/using/index.html',
 'content_type': 'text/html',
 'title': 'Python Setup and Usage — Python 3.9.19 documentation',
 'language': None}
那个 URL 看起来是我们的根页面的子页面,这很棒!让我们从元数据继续,检查我们其中一个文档的内容
print(docs[0].page_content[:300])
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" /><title>3.9.19 Documentation</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pydoctheme.css" type="text/css" />
    <link rel=
这看起来确实是来自 URL docs.python.org/3.9/ 的 HTML,这正是我们所期望的。现在让我们看看我们可以对基本示例进行的一些变体,这些变体在不同情况下可能会很有用。

懒加载

如果我们要加载大量文档,并且下游操作可以在所有已加载文档的子集上完成,我们可以一次惰性加载一个文档,以最大限度地减少内存占用
pages = []
for doc in loader.lazy_load():
    pages.append(doc)
    if len(pages) >= 10:
        # do some paged operation, e.g.
        # index.upsert(page)

        pages = []
/var/folders/4j/2rz3865x6qg07tx43146py8h0000gn/T/ipykernel_73962/2110507528.py:6: XMLParsedAsHTMLWarning: It looks like you're parsing an XML document using an HTML parser. If this really is an HTML document (maybe it's XHTML?), you can ignore or filter this warning. If it's XML, you should know that using an XML parser will be more reliable. To parse this document as XML, make sure you have the lxml package installed, and pass the keyword argument `features="xml"` into the BeautifulSoup constructor.
  soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "lxml")
在此示例中,我们一次加载到内存中的文档不超过 10 个。

添加提取器

默认情况下,加载器将每个链接的原始 HTML 设置为文档页面内容。要将此 HTML 解析为更适合人类/LLM 的格式,您可以传入自定义的 extractor 方法
import re

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


def bs4_extractor(html: str) -> str:
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "lxml")
    return re.sub(r"\n\n+", "\n\n", soup.text).strip()


loader = RecursiveUrlLoader("https://docs.pythonlang.cn/3.9/", extractor=bs4_extractor)
docs = loader.load()
print(docs[0].page_content[:200])
/var/folders/td/vzm913rx77x21csd90g63_7c0000gn/T/ipykernel_10935/1083427287.py:6: XMLParsedAsHTMLWarning: It looks like you're parsing an XML document using an HTML parser. If this really is an HTML document (maybe it's XHTML?), you can ignore or filter this warning. If it's XML, you should know that using an XML parser will be more reliable. To parse this document as XML, make sure you have the lxml package installed, and pass the keyword argument `features="xml"` into the BeautifulSoup constructor.
  soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "lxml")
/Users/isaachershenson/.pyenv/versions/3.11.9/lib/python3.11/html/parser.py:170: XMLParsedAsHTMLWarning: It looks like you're parsing an XML document using an HTML parser. If this really is an HTML document (maybe it's XHTML?), you can ignore or filter this warning. If it's XML, you should know that using an XML parser will be more reliable. To parse this document as XML, make sure you have the lxml package installed, and pass the keyword argument `features="xml"` into the BeautifulSoup constructor.
  k = self.parse_starttag(i)
3.9.19 Documentation

Download
Download these documents
Docs by version

Python 3.13 (in development)
Python 3.12 (stable)
Python 3.11 (security-fixes)
Python 3.10 (security-fixes)
Python 3.9 (securit
这看起来好多了! 您也可以类似地传入一个 metadata_extractor 来自定义如何从 HTTP 响应中提取文档元数据。有关此内容的更多信息,请参阅API 参考

API 参考

这些示例仅展示了您可以修改默认 RecursiveUrlLoader 的几种方式,但还有更多修改可以根据您的用例进行调整。使用参数 link_regexexclude_dirs 可以帮助您过滤掉不需要的 URL,aload()alazy_load() 可用于异步加载,等等。 有关配置和调用 RecursiveUrlLoader 的详细信息,请参阅 API 参考:python.langchain.com/api_reference/community/document_loaders/langchain_community.document_loaders.recursive_url_loader.RecursiveUrlLoader.html
以编程方式连接这些文档到 Claude、VSCode 等,通过 MCP 获取实时答案。
© . This site is unofficial and not affiliated with LangChain, Inc.